منابع مشابه
An introduction to cryogenics
These notes aim to give a somewhat basic introduction to the hows (and occasionally whys) of cryogenics. Cryogenics is not a very well defined term; here I have taken it to mean systems that operate at temperatures of 77 K and below, with the emphasis on systems operating below 4.2 K and above 1 K. The first two temperatures are, of course, the boiling points of nitrogen and helium respectively...
متن کاملRefrigeration, Cryogenics, Optics, and Miscellaneous
Overall Cycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components of Compression Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Absorption Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thermoelectric Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copyright...
متن کاملEvaluation of cryogenics-based energy storage concepts
The goal of this paper is to evaluate cryogenics-based energy storage concepts: A thermo-electric energy storage unit, which uses surplus electricity while liquefying a gas, subsequently stored at cryogenic temperature. Here we review and evaluate concepts for power generation while regasifying the liquefied gas (cryogen) using an exergetic analysis. Two cold exergy recovery cycle configuration...
متن کاملSurface-confined molecular coolers for cryogenics.
An excellent molecule-based cryogenic magnetic refrigerant, gadolinium acetate tetrahydrate, is here used to decorate selected portions of silicon substrate. By quantitative magnetic force microscopy for a variable applied magnetic field near liquid-helium temperature, the molecules are demonstrated to hold their magnetic properties intact, and therefore their cooling functionality, after their...
متن کاملThe Heat-Treating Processes Step 5: Cryogenics
Cryogenics is the continuation of heat treatment and is the last step that completes the thermal treatment processing of metals. After ferrous steel part/s are heat-treated and tempered, the part’s grain structure can be improved by subjecting the part to a deep cryogenic temperature (–320 °F) soak. The process involves taking the parts down from room temperature to –70 °F to –100 °F using dry ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Physics Today
سال: 2000
ISSN: 0031-9228,1945-0699
DOI: 10.1063/1.2405494